Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the broad filed of computer science that is concerned with building intelligent machines that can carry out tasks that traditionally require human intelligence.
Artificial intelligence allows machines to mimic and even outperform human mental abilities. From the rise of self-driving cars to the proliferation of smart assistants like Siri and Alexa, AI is becoming more and more pervasive in daily life. Because of this, many IT companies from many industries are investing in artificial intelligence technologies.
The Four Categories of Machine Intelligence
AI can be divided into four categories based on the types and degrees of difficulty of the tasks a system is capable of completing. In contrast to the distant potential of building robots that can comprehend human emotions and thoughts, automated spam filtering, for example, falls under the most basic category of artificial intelligence.
Reactive Machines
A reactive computer, as its name suggests, can only use its intellect to see and react to the environment in front of it, and as such, follows the most fundamental AI principles. Since a reactive machine lacks memory, it cannot utilise past experiences to inform or state current decisions.
Reactive machines can only perform a small number of highly specialized tasks because they can only experience the world immediately. A reactive machine’s worldview can be intentionally constrained, nevertheless, to ensure that it responds consistently to the same inputs.
Limited Memory
AI with a limited memory can preserve previous data and predictions while gathering information and weighing options, effectively going back in time to find clues about what might happen future. Reactive machines are simpler and have less potential than AI with limited memory. Limited memory AI is created when a model is continuously educated to understand and utilise new input, or when an environment is made available for AI where models may be continuously trained and updated.
Theory of Mind
Possessing a theory of mind is purely hypothetical. Technology has not yet made the progress necessary to develop AI to this sophisticated level. The concept is based on the psychological insight that other living things’ thoughts and feelings have an impact on one’s own behaviour. This feature would suggest that computers with artificial intelligence technology would be able to reflect on and decide for themselves just as how people and animals feel make decisions. Robots ultimately need to be able to understand and interpret the concept of the “mind,” the fluctuations of emotions in decision-making, and a litany of other psychological concepts in real-time in order to establish two-way communication between people and AI.
Self-Awareness
After the theory of mind is developed, which will probably take a very long time, the final stage of AI development will be for it to become self-aware. Aware of both its own presence and the presence and emotional states of others, this type of AI is conscious and on par with humans. Based on what other people say to them and how they say it, it would be able to understand what they could require. The ability of human researchers to understand the fundamentals of consciousness and then figure out how to replicate it in machines is a prerequisite for AI self-awareness.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence that machines display and may be programmed to mimic human behaviour or thought processes. Deep Learning and machine learning methods are combined to create AI. AI has found its applications in a number of fields such as personalized shopping, AI-powered assistants, fraud prevention, creating smart content, administrative tasks, voice assistants, spam filters, facial recognition, autonomous vehicles, navigation, robotics, healthcare, agriculture, gaming etc.
